Category Archives: ferns

view of the garden from under a cherry tree.

End of April 2026

We had a pretty wet and windy start to April but now there is a lot more sunshine around.  There is still a chilly breeze though, and with clear nights there is still the chance of frosts.

Sadly the Duddingston Kirk Garden Club has ground to halt now but the good news is that Jock Tamson’s Gairden (JTG) is taking over our annual plant sale (May 2nd in Duddingston Kirk manse garden). I have loads of seedlings and cuttings to take along for sale so a lot of my time has been spent tending to them.  Right now that means hardening them off by taking them all out during the day and bringing them all in again in the evening.  Once the plant sale is over I should have a lot more room in the conservatory and the patio tables.

selection of house plants for sale.
House plants for sale 2026.
selection of small plants for sale on a table.
Plants for sale 2026.
Plants for sale on a bench.
More Plants for sale 2026.

In the conservatory the cactus bumps have flowers on them which I didn’t expect.  I thought the bumps would have to get larger before they flowered.  Hey-ho.   Oxalis triangularis is just starting to bloom now with its very dainty flowers and dark purple foliage.  One of my neighbours brought some old pots that she no longer wanted and would I want any?  I spotted this deep red one that goes really well with aeonium Voodoo now that it has its deep red, summer colours.

Large fluffy, spiny cactus with small bumps with pink flowers on top.
Old mother cactus flowers.
Purple triangular shaped leaves and dainty pink flowers of Oxalis triangularis plant.
Oxalis triangularis.
Deep red colours of aeonium voodoo succulent plant in a dark red pot.
Aeonium Voodoo in a dark red pot.

It is the time of year that the vine weevil grubs are chomping their way through plant roots so we have given the whole back and front garden, patio pots, conservatory and the plants for sale, a nematode treatment.  This at least keeps them at bay.  I just need to keep the earth moist for the nematodes to do their job.

I love wandering around the garden at this time of year spotting all the new shoots and being thankful for the plants that have come through the wet winter.  The emerging fern fronds (fiddles) look especially nice and they are all very different.  My favourite one just now is the very hairy looking  Polystichum polyblepharum.  I love ferns!

Hairy new fronds on fern.
Polystichum polyblepharum fern.

All around the garden are little purple violets that have just spread wherever they want.  I do have to keep an eye on them or they would just take over.  The same goes for the ajuga and the periwinkle.

Purple violets on a woodland floor.
Viola riviniana purpurea (labradorica)

As for the forget-me-nots well they are popping up everywhere too.  The rain seems to have washed them down to the edge of the borders.  And under the rhododendron is a patch of dicentra formosa ‘ bacchanal red’   which has to be kept under control or it would spread everywhere.  The yellow erythroniums are needing dead-headed now to prevent them seeding everywhere as I already have 3 large patches of them.  One patch is under the crab apple which is now blooming away.  It hasn’t produced any more branches to the back of it so it is going to be drooping heavily to the front once the blooms have been replaced by the heavier crab apples.  I have to keep an eye on Harry otherwise he would just hack it back!  Although someone of FB told me about a method call Notching which can induce the bud bellow the notch to start to branch so I may try that next year and see what happens.

yellow flowers and mottled green and brown leaves of erythronium plant.
Erythronium yellow.
small pink blossoms on a crab apple tree
Crab apple tree Malus Sylvestris Evereste.

The berberis is in full flower now and if you peek up the right hand side of the garden you can see it with the white spirea flowers in the background and a few yellow tulips behind it and just in the foreground are the narcissi actaea pheasant eye.   Most of the narcissi have gone over except for a few Segovia on the patio, the small narcissi pipit  in the stumpery are still in flower.  Narcissi Pipit are always the last to come through.

Orange flowers of berberis with small white sprays of flowers of spirea in background. Foregreound is pale yellow narcissi actaea pheasant eye.
Berberis and spirea.

The view from the patio just before the cherry blossom fell and the narcissi had gone over,

view of the garden from under a cherry tree.
Before the blossom all fell and the narcissi ha gone over.

Most of the tulips have gone over but the ones in mum’s planter are still in flower.  They look nice next the narcissi Segovia and the pink silene Flos-Jovis Peggy.  The wild garlic looks pretty too.

Pink flowers on a dwarf campion plant.
Silene Flos-Jovi Peggy.
Pink tulips layered with pale narcissi and dwarf pink campion flowers.
Unknown tulips with narcissi segovia and silene Flos-Jovi Peggy.
white flowers on the wild garlic plant.
Wild gar;lic, allium ursinum.

Just beside the conservatory door to the patio is the skimmia japonica which has a really nice scent when in flower.  It is just about over now.

Tiny pink flowers against evergreen leaves of skimmia japonica plant.
Skimmia Japonica.

Somehow I have managed to have anemone  coronarai Bordeaux popping up in pots in amongst the plants I actually planted in the pots.  I don’t think they seeded themselves there so I must have re-used to compost that the anemones came from to top up the pots? Gardeners World had a bit about an anemone grower who said the corms get bigger with age but that you get the best flower from the smallest corms  – well I never knew that so I will keep that in mind.

And remember the marsh marigold being eaten by something – well I found the culprit and it totally demolished the plant!  Bloody wood pigeons!  This may also be the creature that has broken a few of my nepeta plants.  I have found a lot of broken off stems but nothing eaten.  It may well be a cat too as it is also known as cat mint but we get lots of cats in the garden and only this year has there been a problem.  I have had to put upturned baskets over them to protect them.  Such a pain.  But now, I am off to enjoy some sunshine while I can.

wood pigeon eating a marsh marigol plant at the edge of a pond.
Mystery solved – wood pigeon!

 

Fabulous, hardy, garden ferns.

What’s NOT to love about ferns?  I simply couldn’t imagine my garden without them.  I have some in the stumpery, in the raised bed, in holes of the wall of the raised bed, in the shady border, in the the sunny border, in the middle bed, on the patio in pots, in the conservatory and some in the house.  I can only remember the names of some of them, and some have just popped up in strange places.  I will however have to take a few out that are going to be a nuisance.  They have self-seeded (spores) in the crevice between the harling and the ramp, also some of the larger ones have popped up in-beside a smaller species in some of the holes in the wall.  Some are just way too big for the space.  Debs chopped a large chunk from the Osmunda regalis purpurea (starts off very purple before turning green) from beside the ramp so we re-located that chunk into a shady damp area of the stumpery where it is doing well.  Some have popped up in with a large pot plant (Beaucarnea recurvata – the ponytail plant). As you can see, ferns come in many sizes, shapes and forms.  Some are evergreen, some semi-evergreen and some are deciduous.  Some are low growing whilst others are huge.  Some are clump forming whilst others spread along the earth or a wall with rhizomes. There is a fern for any location in the garden.  I have many more ferns in the garden – too many to photograph.  A previous post from 2018 shows a few crosiers before they unfurl.

silvery fern with maroon ribs
Athyrium niponicum ‘Silver falls’
eared lady fern with reddish stalks and mid-ribs
Athyrium otophorum okanum
low growing fern with rusty coloured tips
Blechnum penna-marina
compact erect evergreen fern
Dryopteris crispa congesta
Japanese sheid fern beside irises
Dryopteris erythrosa
purple royal fern
Osmunda regalis pupurascens
Japanes tassel fern
Polystichum polyblepharum
hairy fronds of the Japanese tassel fern
Polystichum polyblepharum hairy fronds
large polystichum fern
Polystichum setiferum cristato pinnulum
mixture ferns in a wall
Mix of ferns at the end wall of raised bed
mixture of ferns in the wall
Mix of ferns in the shady sided wall of raised bed
dense almost fluffy green fern in a pot
Polystichum setiferum plumoso multilobum densum
unknown fern in a chimney pot
unknown fern in chimney pot on patio
potted hare's foot fern in conservatory
Davallia canariensis
mixed self-seeded fern in large pot plant
Mixed self-seeded ferns beside Beaucarnea recurvata

Sunniest April on record!

My goodness what a change from the extremely wet winter.  I have been out with the hose a few times to keep some of the recently planted shrubs and small plants hydrated.  The later of the narcissi have now flowered, most of them beat the slugs, but a few have been nibbled before they flowered, some flowers nibbled while in full flower, and a couple chewed down to about 2 inches high!
The Actea is a very tall slender narcissi with a subtle scent.  The Pipit is a small petite variety which also have a nice scent.  The centre and cup of Pipit fades to a pale creamy yellow.

plants, flowers,
Narcissus ‘Actaea’  poeticus
plants, flowers,
Narcissus jonquil ‘Pipit’
Narcissus jonquil ‘Pipit’

The rhododendron looks fine after it’s move at the end of last year.  The pieris which was leaning over to the right and was very top heavy has now been chopped quite far down.  There was already new growth from the trunk further down, so after a good feed and water I am hoping it will bush out from the base.

plants,
leaning Pieris japonica ‘Forest flame’
plants,
chopped Pieris japonica ‘Forest flame’

The ivy-leaved toadflax is looking good just now and although some other plants are gradually coming into flower, most of the narcissi are over, so too are the corydalis, and some primroses.  I am waiting rather impatiently to see if the nepeta and coreopsis have made it through the winter, as I don’t see any signs of growth yet.

plants, flowers,
Cymbalaria muralis (ivy-leaved toadflax)
plants, flowers,
Cymbalaria muralis (ivy-leaved toadflax)

And now for the mistake: I had originally thought of putting the sarcoccoca (winter flowering with fabulous scent) at the back of the garden where it would get quite a lot of shade, but a bit of sun in the morning.  I then changed my mind and thought it would be nice to have the scent drift up onto the patio area and so I asked Harry to plant it just in front of the patio.  WHY DID I DO THAT??  It gets much more sun there, and every day I checked on it, and it just looked sadder, and sadder.  It finally dawned on me that it didn’t like that much sun, so it is now in the shadier stumpery area of the garden.  So far a few of the branches look like they are perking up, so hopefully it will survive.

plants,
 very sad looking Sarcococca hookerian var. digyna ‘Purple stem’

Now is the time of year for the ferns to start uncurling their croziers, and each fern unfurls differently.  Oh how I wish I could remember all my ferns names!  I will attempt the names of these ones.
Now I am just waiting for some rain, it might just be a shower, in which case I may have to get the hose out tomorrow.

plants, ferns,
Osmunda regalis ‘Purpuraascens’
plants, ferns,
Asplenium of some sort
plants, ferns,
Polystichum ?
plants, ferns,
Dryopteris crispa congesta

And cue the rain…

well we did have a couple of beautifully sunny, but freezing days here, but now it is back to the drizzly rain.  The poor wildlife, the pond and bird bath were frozen over so I have to keep taking out fresh water for them.  I do hope my frost-proof terracotta pots will be ok – we have had so much rain that most of my pots are waterlogged despite some of them being on little feet, or under the bench or table. As much as I detest being cold,  I love taking frosty photos, so out I go, wearing loads of layers to brave the chilly weather just to take some snaps – so here are just a few.   The sun is low at this time of year so a lot of the garden gets no sunshine at all, but when it does hit the frost, it twinkles.  The frost crystals on the saxifrage are so long that it makes the normally flat rosettes of leaves look positively fluffy.

fern, frost,
frosty fern
fern, frost,
frosty fern
fern, frost,
frosty fern
saxifrage, frost,
frosty saxifrage
frost,
sunburst on frost
frost,
low sun on frosty branches
rose, frost,
frost on rose
fern, sun,
low sun on hair fern

February colour continued…

a few more plants have come into flower and the sun has been out on this lovely mild day.  In the stumpery; I planted some wallflower last year by the garage wall, beside the apple trees, in amongst the cyclamen and crocus.  The crocus are looking good but the cyclamen have not flowered this year yet.  The Helleborus argutifolius are looking good (apart from the bird poo that is!).  They are planted beneath a tree where the pigeons, crows and jackdaws often sit.  The snow drops and golden Japanese rush help to brighten the shady area.  Just last week I bought and planted 3 small cyclamen coum Ruby star and they are so pretty.  Along from them, near the stump, is the primrose ( primula vulgaris) and a lovely creeping fern (polypodium vulgare).  In the raised bed; I normally have to cut back the huge fern (Polystichum setiferum ‘cristato Pinnulum’) around this time of year but it is looking fabulous just now so I won’t touch it.  On the patio; the tiny yellow iris (Katherine’s gold) are looking nice and bright and a few of the other Hellebores are flowering but pretty much look the same as last year so I won’t take more photos yet.  There is still a chance of some bad weather and snow before the spring really gets going, but so far, so good.

plants, flowers,
Purple crocus
plants, flowers,
Helleborus argutifolius
plants, flowers,
Cyclamen coum ‘Ruby star’
plants, flowers, ferns,
Primula vulgare and Polypodium
vulgare ‘Bifido grandiceps’
plants, ferns, foliage,
Polystichum setiferum ‘cristato Pinnulum’
plants, flowers,
Iris ‘Katherine’s gold’ alpine

Autumn is approaching…

and things are gradually slowing down in the garden. When I first started the stumpery area, I filled in a lot of spaces with ferns (soft shield ferns I think) with the intention of replacing some of them later with different plants.  Some of these ferns are huge now and are really outgrowing the space or hiding other plants, and not just in the stumpery. So, at the weekend, my husband dug out one of them from beside the ramp and replaced it with Persicaria amplex Blackfield – I love the colour of the flowers.  I just hope it isn’t going to become a thug.  I have another 5 or 6 of the same ferns so I will ask hubby to divide a couple of them so at least they will be smaller, and completely dig up the rest so I can buy some new plants for the spaces.  He also dug out the Rosa rugosa which has been a big disappointment.  It has been there for 3 years and only produced 3 roses!  All the rest of the growth has been hight and suckers. I would really like another rose there but it is just too shady, unless I can persuade our next lot of neighbours to chop down their rather large shrubs and trees.  I have acquired a bench to put in the dry shady area at the back of the garden but as not a lot will grow in deep dry shade so I will have to think about what else to put around the bench.  The corner wall is in need of repair but again I will have to wait and speak to our new neighbours.  The trouble with that is that the actual owners are planning on splitting that house and garden into two, but they haven’t actually started any work yet so I may have a heck of a long wait for that work to be done and the house sold.

At the Annual flower show last weekend my little Davallia canariensis Hare’s foot fern) won an award!  Not only did it win first prize for the foliage plant section, but it got the Jones trophy for best exhibit in pot pants too. Dead chuffed.  I am so glad I scrubbed the pot the night before and took off the not-quite-so-attractive fronds.

plants, ferns,
Ramp with overgrown fern to the right.
plants, flowers,
Ramp now with Persicaria amplex Blackfield
plants, ferns, foliage,
Davallia canariensis and Jones trophy

Fabulous ferns…

unfurling throughout the garden.  I have ferns for a variety of sites in the garden as some like it cool and damp whereas others may prefer shady and dry etc. and at this time of year I love seeing the fronds uncurling.  I chop back the deciduous ferns in winter, and do the same with the evergreen ones in the spring if they look a bit manky and bedraggled.  The trouble is, I have got my labels all muddled up and I am now finding it very difficult to identify some of them.  Over the years I have split some and planted the bit somewhere else or I have moved them from one position to another if they weren’t looking happy.  Here is a list of what I think I have in the garden, conservatory and patio:
Adiantum aleuticum
‘Japonicum’
Adiantum fragrans
Adiantum pedatum
Adiantum venustum
Asplenium scolop. ‘Cristata’
Asplenium trichomanes
Blechnum spicant
Davallia canariensis
Hare’s foot fern
Didymochlaena
Dicksonia antartica  in conservatory
Didymochlaena cloak fern
Dryopteris crispa congesta
Dryopteris erythrosa
Japanese Rosy Buckler fern
Dryopteris filixmas
‘Linearis’
Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich feather fern
Osmunda regalis Royal fern
Osmunda regalis
‘Purpurascens’
Pellaea rotundifolia
Button fern
Phyllitis scolopendrium Hart’tongue
fern
Pteris tricolor was in conservatory may have died
Polypodium mantoniae
cornubiense
Polypodium vulgare ‘Bifido
grandiceps’
Polystichum braunii

Polystichum polyblepharum
Polystichum setiferum ‘Plumoso multilobum’
Polystichum vulgare ‘Bitido-grandiceps’


And a few photos (I won’t photograph each one but here are my favorites).  I have tried my best to identify them but I may be wrong.

plants, ferns,
Adiantum venustum  (creeping maidenhair)
plants, ferns,
Asplenium scolopendrium cristata
plants, ferns,
Asplenium trichomanes (maidenhair spleenwort)
plants,ferns,
Osmunda regalis Purpurascens (Royal fern purple)
plants,ferns,
Polypodium vulgare ?
plants,ferns,
Polystichum setiferum ‘cristato Pinnulum’
plants,ferns
Polystichum setiferum plumoso multilobum (densum?)
plants,ferns,
rhyzomes of a polypodum? creeping along the wall of raised bed
plants,ferns,
Dicksonia antartica (tree fern)
plants,ferns,
Pellaea rotundifolia (button fern)
plants,ferns,
Davallia canariensis (Hare’s foot fern)